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在linux6上如何安裝vertica列式數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)

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數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)用戶和權(quán)限

  • dbadmin—Administrative     user

  • verticadba—Group     for DBA users

集群節(jié)點(diǎn)之間的dbadmin用戶要配置互信。

集群節(jié)點(diǎn)之間用戶名和密碼要相同。

Dbadmin用戶的shell環(huán)境設(shè)置為/bin/bash,因?yàn)関ertica所有的shell腳本要在bash shell環(huán)境下執(zhí)行。

提供讀寫執(zhí)行權(quán)限對(duì)下面的目錄:

/opt/vertica/*

/home/dbadmin

安裝前準(zhǔn)備

存儲(chǔ)路徑

指定存儲(chǔ)catalog files的目錄和data files的目錄。Catalog和data files存放路徑應(yīng)該分開,不應(yīng)存放在一起。Catalog的存放目錄要在集群內(nèi)所有節(jié)點(diǎn)保持一致。而且節(jié)點(diǎn)之間注意不要用共享目錄存放這兩類文件。

Disk Space Requirements for Vertica

網(wǎng)絡(luò)配置

單節(jié)點(diǎn)和集群的網(wǎng)絡(luò)配置都是一樣的,只有一種情況是例外的。如果安裝時(shí)使用了localhost和回環(huán)地址(127.0.0.1),那么只能是單節(jié)點(diǎn)使用。后續(xù)無(wú)法添加節(jié)點(diǎn)變成集群。

必須能夠使用ssh協(xié)議登錄。

端口暢通性

Port

Protocol

Service

Notes

7

TCP

Management Console

Required by Management Console to discover Vertica  nodes.

22

TCP

sshd

Required by Administration Tools and the Management Console Cluster Installation wizard.

5433

TCP

Vertica

Vertica client (vsql, ODBC, JDBC, etc) port.

5434

TCP

Vertica

Intra- and inter-cluster communication. Vertica opens the Vertica client  port +1 (5434 by default) for intra-cluster communication, such as during a  plan. If the port +1 from the default client port is not available, then  Vertica opens a random port for intra-cluster communication.

5433

UDP

Vertica

Vertica spread monitoring.

5444

TCP

Vertica
Management Console

MC-to-node and node-to-node (agent) communications port. See Changing MC or Agent Ports.

5450

TCP

Vertica
Management Console

Port used to connect to MC from a web browser and allows communication  from nodes to the MC application/web server. See Connecting to Management Console.

4803

TCP

Spread

Client connections.

4803

UDP

Spread

Daemon to Daemon connections.

4804

UDP

Spread

Daemon to Daemon connections.

6543

UDP

Spread

Monitor to Daemon connection.

防火墻設(shè)置

Rhel6/centos6

# service iptables save
# service iptables stop
# chkconfig iptables off
# service ip6tables save
# service ip6tables stop
# chkconfig ip6tables off

General Operating System Configuration - Automatically Configured by the Installer

General Operating System Configuration - Manual Configuration

System User Configuration

Rpm包安裝

openssh—Required for Administration Tools connectivity between nodes.
which—Required for Vertica operating system integration and for validating installations.
dialog—Required for interactivity with Administration Tools.
# yum install openssh
# yum install which
# yum install dialog

TZ變量設(shè)置

如果沒(méi)有設(shè)置TZ變量,安裝會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)S0305.

自動(dòng)修改的操作系統(tǒng)參數(shù)

These general Operating System settings are automatically made by the installer if they do not meet Vertica requirements. You can prevent the installer from automatically making these configuration changes by using the--no-system-configurationparameter for theinstall_verticascript.

下面這些參數(shù)如果不滿足vertica需求,那么會(huì)在安裝的時(shí)候自動(dòng)修改。如果不想被自動(dòng)修改的話,可以用--no-system-configuration參數(shù)跳過(guò)。

sysctl

Nice Limits Configuration

min_free_kbytes Setting

User Max Open Files Limit

System Max Open Files Limit

Pam Limits

pid_max Setting

User Address Space Limits

User File Size Limit

User Process Limit

Maximum Memory Maps Configuration

手動(dòng)修改的操作系統(tǒng)參數(shù)

The following general Operating System settings must be done manually.

Manually Configuring Operating System Settings

Check for Swappiness

Disk Readahead

Enabling Network Time Protocol (NTP)

Enabling chrony or ntpd for Red Hat 7/CentOS 7 Systems

SELinux Configuration

CPU Frequency Scaling

Enabling or Disabling Transparent Hugepages

Disabling Defrag for Red Hat and CentOS Systems

I/O Scheduling

Support Tools

下面安裝一個(gè)單節(jié)點(diǎn)的vertica數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù):

隨便裝個(gè)測(cè)試環(huán)境玩玩,很多沒(méi)細(xì)細(xì)考究。

操作系統(tǒng)版本:

[root@ verticatest ~]# lsb_release -a

LSB Version:    :base-4.0-amd64:base-4.0-noarch:core-4.0-amd64:core-4.0-noarch:graphics-4.0-amd64:graphics-4.0-noarch:printing-4.0-amd64:printing-4.0-noarch

Distributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseServer

Description:    Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release  6.4 (Santiago)

Release:        6.4

Codename:       Santiago

操作系統(tǒng)時(shí)區(qū):

[root@verticatest ~]# more  /etc/sysconfig/clock

ZONE="Asia/Shanghai"

安裝rpm包:

[root@verticatest ~]# yum install openssh  ntp which dialog –y

[root@verticatest ~]# service ntpd  restart

Shutting down ntpd:                                        [FAILED]

Starting ntpd:                                             [  OK  ]

[root@verticatest ~]# chkconfig ntpd on

防火墻權(quán)限:

service iptables save
service iptables stop
chkconfig iptables off
service ip6tables save
service ip6tables stop
chkconfig ip6tables off

Selinux設(shè)置:

[root@verticatest ~]# more  /etc/selinux/config

 

# This file controls the state of SELinux  on the system.

# SELINUX= can take one of these three  values:

#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.

#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.

#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.

SELINUX=disabled

# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two  values:

#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,

#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.

SELINUXTYPE=targeted

 

 

[root@verticatest ~]#setenforce 0

setenforce: SELinux is disabled

其他配置:

echo deadline >  /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler

echo never  >/sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/enabled

echo never >/sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/defrag

echo no >  /sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/khugepaged/defrag

echo 0 > /proc/sys/vm/swappiness

/sbin/blockdev --setra 8192 /dev/sda

Ssh配置

LoginGraceTime 0

[root@verticatest ~]# service sshd reload

Reloading sshd:

創(chuàng)建用戶:

[root@verticatest ~]#groupadd -g 601  verticadba

[root@verticatest ~]# useradd -u 601 -g  601 dbadmin

[root@verticatest ~]#mkdir -p  /home/dbadmin/data^C

[root@verticatest ~]# echo oracle|passwd  --stdin dbadmin

Changing password for user dbadmin.

passwd: all authentication tokens updated  successfully.

[root@ verticatest ~]# su - dbadmin

[dbadmin@ verticatest ~]$ mkdir -p  /home/dbadmin/data

[dbadmin@ verticatest ~]$ mkdir -p  /home/dbadmin/catalog

 

[dbadmin@ verticatest ~]$ more  .bash_profile

# .bash_profile

 

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

        . ~/.bashrc

fi

 

# User specific environment and startup  programs

 

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

 

export PATH

export  TZ="Asia/Shanghai"

[dbadmin@ verticatest ~]$ . .bash_profile

[dbadmin@ verticatest ~]$ echo $TZ

Asia/Shanghai

安裝數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)軟件:

[root@verticatest ~]# /opt/vertica/sbin/install_vertica --hosts 192.168.117.4  --rpm /root/vertica-8.0.0-0.x86_64.RHEL6.rpm --dba-user dbadmin

Vertica Analytic Database 8.0.0-0  Installation Tool

 

 

>> Validating options...

 

 

Mapping hostnames in --hosts (-s) to  addresses...

 

>> Starting installation tasks.

>> Getting system information for  cluster (this may take a while)...

 

Default shell on nodes:

192.168.117.4 /bin/bash

 

>> Validating software versions  (rpm or deb)...

 

 

>> Beginning new cluster  creation...

 

successfully backed up admintools.conf on  192.168.117.4

 

>> Creating or validating DB Admin  user/group...

 

Successful on hosts (1): 192.168.117.4

    Provided DB Admin account details: user = dbadmin, group = verticadba,  home = /home/dbadmin

    Creating group... Group already exists

    Validating group... Okay

    Creating user... User already exists

    Validating user... Okay

 

 

>> Validating node and cluster  prerequisites...

 

System prerequisites passed.  Threshold = WARN

 

 

>> Establishing DB Admin SSH  connectivity...

 

Installing/Repairing SSH keys for dbadmin

 

 

>> Setting up each node and  modifying cluster...

 

Creating Vertica Data Directory...

 

Updating agent...

Creating node node0001 definition for  host 192.168.117.4

... Done

 

>> Sending new cluster  configuration to all nodes...

 

Starting agent...

 

>> Completing installation...

 

Running upgrade logic

No spread upgrade required:  /opt/vertica/config/vspread.conf not found on any node

Installation complete.

 

Please evaluate your hardware using  Vertica's validation tools:

    https://my.vertica.com/docs/8.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=VALSCRIPT

 

To create a database:

  1. Logout and login as dbadmin. (see note below)

  2. Run /opt/vertica/bin/adminTools as dbadmin

  3. Select Create Database from the Configuration Menu

 

  Note: Installation may have made configuration changes to dbadmin

  that do not take effect until the next session (logout and login).

 

To add or remove hosts, select Cluster  Management from the Advanced Menu.

 

 創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù):

[dbadmin@verticatest ~]$ /opt/vertica/bin/admintools

企業(yè)版要指定license file的位置,社區(qū)版直接確定ok。

上下鍵選擇,tab鍵選擇下面的OK,cancel和help。

上下鍵選到第二行,空格建選中,tab鍵選中ok,按回車鍵。

選擇6 configuration menu

選擇1 Create database:

輸入數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的名字和db的注釋:

輸入口令:

確認(rèn)口令:

 

選擇catalog和data文件路徑:

k-safe是vertica數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)集群的高可用等級(jí):

創(chuàng)建過(guò)程:

*** Creating database: firstvdb ***

        Creating database firstvdb

        Starting bootstrap node v_firstvdb_node0001 (192.168.117.4)

        Starting nodes:

                v_firstvdb_node0001  (192.168.117.4)

        Starting Vertica on all nodes. Please wait, databases with large  catalog may take a while to initialize.

        Node Status: v_firstvdb_node0001: (DOWN)

        Node Status: v_firstvdb_node0001: (DOWN)

        Node Status: v_firstvdb_node0001: (DOWN)

        Node Status: v_firstvdb_node0001: (DOWN)

        Node Status: v_firstvdb_node0001: (UP)

Automatically installing extension  packages

Package: flextable

        Success: package flextable successfully installed

Package: approximate

        Success: package approximate successfully installed

Package: hdfsconnector

        Success: package hdfsconnector successfully installed

Package: AWS

        Success: package AWS successfully installed

Package: logsearch

        Success: package logsearch successfully installed

Package: txtindex

        Success: package txtindex successfully installed

Package: MachineLearning

        Success: package MachineLearning successfully installed

Package: idol

        Success: package idol successfully installed

Package: kafka

        Success: package kafka successfully installed

Package: place

        Success: package place successfully installed

 

連接數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù):

[dbadmin@verticatest ~]$ vsql -h  192.168.117.4 -U dbadmin

Password:

Welcome to vsql, the Vertica Analytic  Database interactive terminal.

 

Type:  \h or \? for help with vsql commands

       \g or terminate with  semicolon to execute query

       \q to quit

 

dbadmin=>

 

這里也可以用本地回環(huán)地址。

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